Knowledge of drilling equipment----Drilling Rig Type and Composition

Knowledge of Drilling Equipment-----Drilling Rig Type and Composition

Drilling Rig

Composition: The oil drilling rig is mainly composed of power machines. It is composed of conveyor, working machine and auxiliary equipment. Generally, there are eight major systems (hoisting system, rotating system, drilling fluid circulation system, transmission system, control system, power drive system, drilling rig base, drilling rig auxiliary equipment system), with the ability to start and lower drilling, rotary drilling, and circulating well washing。

 Type: According to the drilling depth, it is divided into shallow well drilling rig, medium and deep well drilling rig, according to the driving mode, it is divided into mechanical drive drilling rig and electric drive drilling rig, and according to the relocation mode, it is divided into skid-mounted drilling rig and vehicle-mounted drilling rig.

Types and characteristics of mechanically driven drilling rigs

Status: At present, the mechanically driven oil drilling rig is mainly a chain drilling rig, using the chain as the main transmission pair, 2~4 diesel engine-torque converter drive units, with multiple rows of small pitch sleeve roller chains to drive each working unit in a unified manner, and generally still use the belt to drive the drilling pump.

At present, the mechanically driven oil drilling rig is mainly a chain drilling rig, using the chain as the main transmission pair, 2~4 diesel engine-torque converter drive units, with multiple rows of small pitch sleeve roller chains and cars, unified drive of each working unit, generally still use belt drive drilling pumps.

Transmission schematic diagram of Daqing 130 drilling rig

Types and characteristics of electrically driven drilling rigs

Type: Electrically driven drilling rigs include DC motor drive and AC variable frequency motor drive. The electric drive drilling rig has the characteristics of soft transmission, good speed regulation performance, convenient and flexible operation, small module size, easy installation and transportation, high reliability, low noise, low pollution, and energy saving.

DC motor drive: The DC electric drilling rig adopts the AC-SCR-DC mode to drive the DC motor after the power generated by the diesel power generation unit connected to the grid through the SCR thyristor rectification.

AC inverter motor drive: AC inverter drilling rig adopts AC-VFD-AC mode, through the VFD electric drive control system, the power emitted by the diesel generator set becomes the current of variable frequency conversion, and the AC inverter is used to drive the AC inverter motor without carbon brush.